Happy Halloween and welcome to our new Color Insider segment—architecture!
When we think of architecture, our focus is usually on form, structure, or materials. Color may not be the first element that comes to mind!
Nonetheless, color is a powerful tool that architects use to shape how people experience and interpret a building. It does more than enhance appearance; it serves as a functional and emotional element woven into the design itself.
Before diving into architectural styles and specific applications, I wanted to start this new segment by exploring the importance of color in architecture—its 'why'. In other words, today we’ll talk about the pivotal role color plays in the world of architecture!
Creating Identity and Purpose
Color has the unique ability to make a building instantly recognizable. Think of brands like Tiffany & Co., where the color on the storefront has become synonymous with luxury (if you’re interested in reading about Tiffany Blue™, click here).
But even beyond branding, color gives civic buildings, educational institutions, and commercial spaces a unique identity that’s clear to anyone who sees them.
In other words, by choosing colors that resonate with a building’s purpose, architects create an exterior that communicates what the structure is all about.
Shaping Perception of Scale and Form
Architects also use color to adjust how we perceive the size and shape of a building!
Light colors, for example, make structures appear more expansive and open, while darker shades add weight and grounding, creating a sense of strength and permanence.
Color strategy allows architects to subtly manipulate our perception of a building’s scale, making it blend into—or stand out from—its surroundings as needed.
Promoting Environmental Sustainability
Believe it or not, color can impact a building’s energy efficiency.
In warm climates, lighter colors are often used because they reflect sunlight, keeping interiors cooler and reducing energy consumption for air conditioning.
I actually wrote a short piece on two practical reasons as to why Cycladic architecture is white a while ago—if you’re interested in reading about it, click here.
In contrast, buildings in colder regions may feature darker exteriors to absorb warmth from the sun, helping to maintain indoor temperatures. This is the case with Scandinavian countries, northern Canada, Alaska, and Siberia, Russia!
Color choice, in this way, becomes a tool for sustainable design, making the building more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.
Facilitating Wayfinding and Accessibility
In complex structures like hospitals, universities, and airports, color can be a practical tool for navigation. By assigning specific colors to different zones, architects make it easier for people to find their way around, even in the most intricate layouts.
This use of color is often subtle but highly effective, helping people intuitively understand where they are and where they need to go.
Enhancing Harmony with Surroundings
Architects often consider a building’s natural or urban environment when selecting its color palette. In a bustling city, a building’s color may either harmonize with or purposefully stand apart from neighboring structures.
In natural landscapes, architects might select earth tones to help the building blend seamlessly, or bold colors to create a visual landmark. Thoughtful color choices help architecture feel connected to its surroundings, fostering a more cohesive landscape.
Take a look at some cabin homes for reference:
Influencing Emotional Response
Color directly influences how people feel when approaching or interacting with a building. Cool colors like blues and greens are often chosen for healthcare facilities, where a calm, soothing environment is essential.
In contrast, energetic colors like red and orange are more common in entertainment and sports venues, where vibrancy and excitement are the goal.
By thoughtfully choosing exterior colors, architects set the tone and emotional impact of a building before people even step inside!
A Common Misconception
Many people assume that only interior designers work with color, while architects focus solely on structural design.
This misconception typically stems from the fact that interior designers often select color schemes for furniture, walls, and decor—elements more visibly associated with color.
In reality, architects work with color constantly. It’s an essential component of their craft, influencing everything from spatial perception to harmony with the environment.
Thank you for reading, and I hope this provides a fresh perspective on the vital role color plays in architecture!